Classical Liberalism
Protects individual liberty through secure property, voluntary exchange, and constitutional limits on government. Public power must justify its interference with private choices.
Foundational doctrines
- Individual rights
- Private property
- Limited government
- Freedom of contract
Disagreement and variation
Liberals disagree about whether education, infrastructure, or social provision expand freedom enough to justify taxation. Includes both minimal-state and public-service liberal variants; the economic views of historical liberals changed over time.
Numerical positions in the interactive model are editorial reference estimates, not scientifically validated measurements.