Republicanism
Understands freedom as protection from arbitrary power. Law, contestable authority, and civic institutions should prevent dependence on another person’s unchecked will.
Foundational doctrines
- Non-domination
- Contestable power
- Civic participation
- Rule of law
Disagreement and variation
Republicans differ over how much participation freedom requires and whether markets or social inequalities can create domination without direct interference. Neo-republican, historical, and civic-humanist readings differ, particularly on participation and the role of civic virtue.
Numerical positions in the interactive model are editorial reference estimates, not scientifically validated measurements.