Ecofeminism
Investigates connections between gendered domination and the treatment of the nonhuman world. It asks how care, economic organization, and ecological responsibility should change together.
Foundational doctrines
- Gender–ecology connection
- Critique of domination
- Relational responsibility
- Environmental justice
Disagreement and variation
Materialist and spiritual approaches differ; critics warn against treating women as naturally closer to nature or overlooking differences among women. Materialist, spiritual, and anti-essentialist approaches disagree; ecological and feminist commitments alone do not settle these debates.
Numerical positions in the interactive model are editorial reference estimates, not scientifically validated measurements.